| Earnings per Share |
7. Earnings (loss) per share
Earnings (loss) per share (EPS) is computed in accordance with ASC 260—Earnings per Share and is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted EPS assumes the conversion, exercise or issuance of all potential common stock equivalents (which can include dilution of outstanding stock options, restricted stock units and restricted stock awards) unless the effect is to reduce a loss or increase the income per share. For purposes of this calculation, common stock subject to repurchase by the Company, options, and other dilutive awards are considered to be common stock equivalents and are only included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share when their effect is dilutive.
Basic earnings (loss) per share is calculated using the Company’s weighted-average outstanding common shares. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is calculated using the Company’s weighted-average outstanding common shares including the dilutive effect of stock awards as determined under the treasury stock method.
The computation of EPS is as follows:
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Three months ended
September 30,
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Nine months ended
September 30,
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2020
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2019
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2020
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2019
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Numerator—basic and diluted:
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Net income (loss)
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$
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(1,699
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)
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$
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6,863
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$
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(708
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)
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$
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22,325
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Denominator:
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Weighted-average common shares - basic common stock (1)
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21,998,299
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21,840,473
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21,959,521
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21,802,468
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Weighted-average common shares - diluted common stock
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21,998,299
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22,191,688
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21,959,521
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22,387,146
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Net income (loss) per share - basic common stock
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$
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(0.08
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)
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$
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0.31
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$
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(0.03
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)
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$
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1.02
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Net income (loss) per share - diluted common stock (2)
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$
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(0.08
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)
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$
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0.31
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$
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(0.03
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)
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$
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1.00
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Denominator calculation from basic to diluted:
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Weighted-average common shares - basic common stock (1)
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21,998,299
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21,840,473
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21,959,521
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21,802,468
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Stock options and other dilutive awards
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206,274
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351,215
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252,096
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584,678
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Weighted-average common shares - diluted common stock
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22,204,573
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22,191,688
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22,211,617
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22,387,146
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Shares excluded from diluted weighted-average shares:
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Stock options
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655,953
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82,380
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473,390
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—
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Restricted stock units and restricted stock awards
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395,395
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233,045
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218,080
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235,002
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Shares excluded from diluted weighted-average shares
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1,051,348
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315,425
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691,470
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235,002
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(1)
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Unvested restricted stock units and restricted stock awards are not included as shares outstanding in the calculation of basic earnings per share. Vested restricted stock units and restricted stock awards are included in basic earnings per share if all vesting and performance criteria have been met. Performance-based restricted stock units and restricted stock awards are included in the number of shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share as long as all applicable performance criteria are met, and their effect is dilutive. Restricted stock awards are eligible to receive all dividends declared on the Company’s common shares during the vesting period; however, such dividends are not paid until the restrictions lapse.
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(2)
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Due to a net loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, dilutive loss per share is the same as basic.
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The computations of diluted net income attributable to common stockholders exclude common stock options, restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards, which were anti-dilutive for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.
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