Recent accounting pronouncements

Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of ASU No. 2014-09 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. ASU No. 2014-09 defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing U.S. GAAP.

In August 2015, the FASB decided to delay the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09 by one year. The FASB also agreed to allow entities to choose to adopt the standard as of the original effective date. As such, the updated standard will be effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the Company’s pending adoption of ASU No. 2014-09 on the Company’s financial statements and has not yet determined the method by which the Company will adopt the standard.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, Revenue with Contracts with Customers: Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus net), which is an amendment to ASU No. 2014-09 that improved the operability and understandability of implementation guidance versus agent considerations by clarifying the determination of principal versus agent.  The implementation guidelines follow ASU No. 2014-09.

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, Revenue with Contracts with Customers: Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, which is an amendment to ASU No. 2014-09 that clarifies the aspects of identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementing guidance, while retaining the related principles within those areas.  The implementation guidelines follow ASU No. 2014-09.

In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12, Revenue with Contracts with Customers: Narrow-scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, which is an amendment to ASU No. 2014-09 that clarifies the objective of the collectability criterion, to allow entities to exclude amounts collected from customers from all sales taxes from the transaction price, to specify the measurement date for noncash consideration is contract inception, variable consideration guidance applies only to variability resulting from reasons other than the form of the consideration, and clarification on contract modifications at transition.  The implementation guidelines follow ASU No. 2014-09.

On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The new guidance will require organizations that lease assets—referred to as “lessees”—to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. This will increase the reported assets and liabilities – in some cases very significantly. ASU No. 2016-02 will take effect for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption will be permitted for all entities. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of the new lease recognition guidance and has not yet determined the impact on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Accounting for Credit Losses (Topic 326). The new standard requires the use of an “expected loss” model on certain types of financial instruments.  The standard also amends the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and requires estimated credit losses to be recorded as allowances instead of reductions to amortized cost of the securities.  The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those years, with early adoption permitted.  The Company is evaluating the new guidance but does not expect it to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statement presentation or results.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230). The standard is intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows.  The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those years, with early adoption permitted.  The Company is evaluating the new guidance but does not expect it to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statement presentation or results.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. The ASU requires entities to measure most inventory “at the lower of cost and net realizable value” thereby simplifying the current guidance under which an entity must measure inventory at the lower of cost or market. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2017. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Certain amendments related to ASU No. 2016-09 are implemented with changes recognized on a modified retrospective transition method, retrospectively as well as prospectively. Early application is permitted for any entity in any interim or annual period. If early adoption is elected during an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period.

The Company elected to early adopt ASU No. 2016-09 in the fourth quarter of 2016, which requires any adjustments to be recorded as of the beginning of fiscal 2016.  As a result, the Company used the modified retrospective method to record an adjustment to the previously reported unaudited first quarter of 2016 provision for income taxes of approximately $156 for the recognition of excess tax benefits in the provision for income taxes rather than additional paid-in capital.  The adoption of this ASU impacted the Company’s previously reported unaudited quarterly results during fiscal year 2016 as follows:

Additional amendments to this ASU related to income taxes and minimum statutory withholding tax requirements had no impact to accumulated deficit, which the cumulative effect of these changes is required to be recorded.  The Company also elected to continue to estimate forfeitures at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.  The presentation requirements for cash flows related to employee taxes paid for withheld shares had no impact to any of the periods presented in the Company’s consolidated cash flows as such cash flows will be presented as a financing activity prospectively.