Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

v3.20.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2. Summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of presentation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP).

Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Inogen, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Accounting estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management bases these estimates and assumptions upon historical experience, existing and known circumstances, authoritative accounting pronouncements and other factors that management believes to be reasonable. Significant areas requiring the use of management estimates relate to revenue recognition, warranty reserves and expense, determining the stand-alone selling price (SSP) and service period of performance obligations, rental asset valuations and write-downs, accounts receivable allowances for bad debts, returns and adjustments, impairment of long-lived assets, stock-based compensation expense, income taxes, fair value of acquired intangible assets and goodwill and fair value of earnout liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Revenue

The Company generates revenue primarily from sales and rentals of its products. The Company’s products consist of its proprietary line of oxygen concentrators, non-invasive ventilators, and related accessories. Other revenue, which is included in sales revenue on the Statements of Comprehensive Income, primarily comes from service contracts, replacement parts and freight revenue for product shipments.

Sales revenue

Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services. Revenue from product sales is generally recognized upon shipment of the product but is deferred for certain transactions when control has not yet transferred to the customer.

The Company’s product is generally sold with a right of return and the Company may provide other incentives, which are accounted for as variable consideration when estimating the amount of revenue to recognize. Returns and incentives are estimated at the time sales revenue is recognized. The provision for estimated returns is calculated based on historical data and future expectations. Sales revenue incentives within the Company’s contracts are estimated based on the most likely amounts expected on the related sales transactions and recorded as a reduction to revenue at the time of sale in accordance with the terms of the contract. Accordingly, revenue is recognized net of allowances for estimated returns and incentives.

For a fixed price, the Company also offers a lifetime warranty for direct-to-consumer sales for its oxygen concentrators. Lifetime warranties are only offered to patients upon the initial sale of oxygen concentrators directly from the Company and are non-transferable. Lifetime warranties are considered to be a distinct performance obligation that are accounted for separately from its sale of oxygen concentrators with a standard warranty of three years.

The revenue is allocated to the distinct lifetime warranty performance obligation based on a relative SSP method. The Company has vendor-specific objective evidence of the selling price for its equipment. To determine the selling price of the lifetime warranty, the Company uses its best estimate of the SSP for the distinct performance obligation as the lifetime warranty is neither separately priced nor is the selling price available through third-party evidence. To calculate the selling price associated with the lifetime warranties, management considers the profit margins of service revenue, the average estimated cost of lifetime warranties and the price of extended warranties. Revenue from the distinct lifetime warranty is deferred after the delivery of the equipment and recognized based on an estimated mortality rate over five years, which is the estimated performance period of the contract based on the average patient life expectancy.

Revenue from the sale of the Company’s repair services is recognized when the performance obligations are satisfied and collection of the receivables is probable. Other revenue from the sale of replacement parts is generally recognized when product is shipped to customers.

Freight revenue consists of fees associated with the deployment of products internationally and domestically when expedited freight options are requested or when minimum order quantities are not met. Freight revenue is generally recognized upon shipment of the product but is deferred if control has not yet transferred to the customer. Shipping and handling costs for sold products and rental assets shipped to the Company’s customers are included on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income as part of cost of sales revenue and cost of rental revenue, respectively.

The payment terms and conditions of customer contracts vary by customer type and the products and services offered.  For certain products or services and customer types, the Company requires payment before the products or services are delivered to the customer.  The timing of sales revenue recognition, billing and cash collection results in billed accounts receivable and deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheet.

Contract liabilities primarily consist of deferred revenue related to lifetime warranties on direct-to-consumer sales revenue when cash payments are received in advance of services performed under the contract. The contract with the customer states the final terms of the sale, including the description, quantity, and price of each product or service purchase. The increase in deferred revenue related to lifetime warranties for the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was primarily driven by $5,258 and $8,757, respectively, of payments received in advance of satisfying performance obligations, partially offset by $5,908 and $5,903 of revenues recognized that were included in the deferred revenue balances as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Deferred revenue related to lifetime warranties was $17,078 and $17,728 as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and is classified within deferred revenue – current and noncurrent deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company elected to apply the practical expedient in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606Revenue Recognition and did not evaluate contracts of one year or less for the existence of a significant financing component. The Company does not expect any revenue to be recognized over a multi-year period with the exception of revenue related to lifetime warranties.

The Company’s sales revenue is primarily derived from the sale of its oxygen concentrator products to individual consumers, home medical equipment providers, distributors, the Company’s private label partner and resellers worldwide. Sales revenue is classified into two areas: business-to-business sales and direct-to-consumer sales. The following table sets forth the Company’s sales revenue disaggregated by sales channel and geographic region:

 

(amounts in thousands)

 

Years ended December 31,

 

Revenue by region and category

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2018

 

Business-to-business domestic sales

 

$

96,423

 

 

$

106,428

 

 

$

116,581

 

Business-to-business international sales

 

 

62,147

 

 

 

77,960

 

 

 

77,333

 

Direct-to-consumer domestic sales

 

 

121,619

 

 

 

156,158

 

 

 

142,101

 

Total sales revenue

 

$

280,189

 

 

$

340,546

 

 

$

336,015

 

 

Rental revenue

The Company recognizes equipment rental revenue over the non-cancelable lease term, which is one month, less estimated adjustments, in accordance with ASC 842—Leases. The Company has separate contracts with each patient that are not subject to a master lease agreement with any third-party payor. The Company evaluates the individual lease contracts at lease inception and the start of each monthly renewal period to determine if it is reasonably certain that the monthly renewal option and the bargain renewal option associated with the potential capped free rental period would be exercised. Historically, the exercise of the monthly renewal and bargain renewal option is not reasonably certain at lease inception and at most subsequent monthly lease renewal periods. If the Company determines that the reasonably certain threshold for an individual patient is met at lease inception or at a monthly lease renewal period, such determination would impact the bargain renewal period for an individual lease. The Company would first consider the lease classification issue (sales-type lease or operating lease) and then appropriately recognize or defer rental revenue over the lease term, which may include a portion of the capped rental period. The Company deferred $0 associated with the capped rental period as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The lease term begins on the date products are shipped to patients and are recorded at amounts estimated to be received under reimbursement arrangements with third-party payors, including Medicare, private payors, and Medicaid. Due to the nature of the industry and the reimbursement environment in which the Company operates, certain estimates are required to record net revenue and accounts receivable at their net realizable values. Inherent in these estimates is the risk that they will have to be revised or updated as additional information becomes available. Specifically, the complexity of many third-party billing arrangements and the uncertainty of reimbursement amounts for certain services from certain payors may result in adjustments to amounts originally recorded. Such adjustments are typically identified and recorded at the point of cash application, claim denial or account review. The Company adjusts revenue for historical trends on revenue adjustments due to timely filings, deaths, hospice, and other types of analyzable adjustments on a monthly basis to record rental revenue at the expected collectible amounts. Accounts receivable are reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts which provides for those accounts from which payment is not expected to be received although product was delivered and revenue was earned. The determination that an account is uncollectable, and the ultimate write-off of that account occurs once collection is considered to be highly unlikely, and it is written-off and charged to the allowance at that time. Amounts billed but not earned due to the timing of the billing cycle are deferred and recognized in revenue on a straight-line basis over the monthly billing period. For example, if the first day of the billing period does not fall on the first of the month, then a portion of the monthly billing period will fall in the subsequent month and the related revenue and cost would be deferred based on the service days in the following month.

The lease agreements generally contain lease and non-lease components. Non-lease components primarily include payments for supplies. The Company elected the practical expedient to treat the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.

Rental revenue is recognized as earned, less estimated adjustments. Revenue not billed at the end of the period is reviewed for the likelihood of collections and accrued. The rental revenue stream is not guaranteed, and payment will cease if the patient no longer needs oxygen or returns the equipment. Revenue recognized is at full estimated allowable amounts; transfers to secondary insurances or patient responsibility have no net effect on revenue. Rental revenue is earned for that entire month if the patient is on service on the first day of the 30-day period commencing on the recurring date of service for a particular claim, regardless of whether there is a change in condition or death after that date.

Included in rental revenue are unbilled amounts for which the revenue recognition criteria had been met as of period-end but were not yet billed to the payor. The estimate of net unbilled rental revenue recognized is based on historical trends and estimates of future collectability. In addition, the Company estimates potential future adjustments and write-offs of these unbilled amounts and includes these estimates in the allowance for adjustments and write-offs of rental revenue which is netted against gross receivables.

 

 

Product Warranty

The Company generally provides a warranty against defects in material and workmanship. The Company provides a 3-year, 5-year or lifetime warranty on Inogen One systems sold and a 3-year and lifetime warranty on Inogen At Home systems sold. The Tidal Assist®  Ventilator (TAV®) system has a 1-year and a 3-year warranty. The Company also offers a lifetime warranty for direct-to-consumer sales of its oxygen concentrators. For a fixed price, the Company agrees to provide a fully functional oxygen concentrator for the remaining life of the patient. Lifetime warranties are only offered to patients upon the initial sale of oxygen concentrators directly from the Company and are non-transferable. The Company’s products are subject to regulatory and quality standards. The Company establishes an accrued liability for the estimated warranty costs at the time of revenue recognition, with a corresponding provision to cost of goods sold. The Company evaluates the liability quarterly. Warranty costs are primarily estimated based on product return rates, historical warranty repair costs incurred and historical failure rates. The Company may make further adjustments to the warranty reserve when deemed appropriate, giving additional consideration to length of time the product version has been sold and future expectations of performance based on new features and capabilities. Actual warranty costs could differ materially from the estimated amounts. 

 

Fair value accounting

ASC 820 — Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures creates a single definition of fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in U.S. GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC 820 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and states that a fair value measurement is to estimate the price at which an orderly transaction to sell an asset or to transfer the liability would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. Assets and liabilities adjusted to fair value in the balance sheet are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. Level inputs, as defined by ASC 820, are as follows:

 

Level input

  

Input definition

 

Level 1

 

 

Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the measurement date.

 

Level 2

 

 

Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability through corroboration with market data at the measurement date.

 

Level 3

 

 

Unobservable inputs that reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

 

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses. The carrying values of its financial instruments approximate fair value based on their short-term nature.

Fair value of financial instruments

The Company obtained the fair value of its available-for-sale investments, which are not in active markets, from a third-party professional pricing service using quoted market prices for identical or comparable instruments, rather than direct observations of quoted prices in active markets. The Company's professional pricing service gathers observable inputs for all of its fixed income securities from a variety of industry data providers (e.g., large custodial institutions) and other third-party sources. Once the observable inputs are gathered, all data points are considered, and the fair value is determined. The Company validates the quoted market prices provided by its primary pricing service by comparing their assessment of the fair values against the fair values provided by its investment managers. The Company's investment managers use similar techniques to its professional pricing service to derive pricing as described above. As all significant inputs were observable, derived from observable information in the marketplace or supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace, the Company has classified its marketable securities within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

The following table summarizes fair value measurements by level for the assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities:

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2020

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted

 

 

unrealized

 

 

 

 

 

 

and cash

 

 

Marketable

 

(amounts in thousands)

 

cost

 

 

gains (losses)

 

 

Fair value

 

 

equivalents

 

 

securities

 

Cash

 

$

52,812

 

 

$

 

 

$

52,812

 

 

$

52,812

 

 

$

 

Level 1:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market accounts

 

 

159,150

 

 

 

 

 

 

159,150

 

 

 

159,150

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Level 2:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

11,549

 

 

 

(1

)

 

 

11,548

 

 

 

 

 

 

11,548

 

U.S. Treasury securities

 

 

4,107

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,107

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,107

 

Agency mortgage-backed securities

 

 

3,601

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

3,602

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,602

 

Total

 

$

231,219

 

 

$

 

 

$

231,219

 

 

$

211,962

 

 

$

19,257

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2019

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted

 

 

unrealized

 

 

 

 

 

 

and cash

 

 

Marketable

 

(amounts in thousands)

 

cost

 

 

gains (losses)

 

 

Fair value

 

 

equivalents

 

 

securities

 

Cash

 

$

51,560

 

 

$

 

 

$

51,560

 

 

$

51,560

 

 

$

 

Level 1:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market accounts

 

 

146,477

 

 

 

 

 

 

146,477

 

 

 

146,477

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Level 2:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

2,011

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

2,013

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,013

 

U.S. Treasury securities

 

 

9,038

 

 

 

6

 

 

 

9,044

 

 

 

 

 

 

9,044

 

Total

 

$

209,086

 

 

$

8

 

 

$

209,094

 

 

$

198,037

 

 

$

11,057

 

 

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the Company’s investments in marketable securities, classified by the contractual maturity date of the securities:

 

 

 

December 31,

 

(amounts in thousands)

 

2020

 

Due within one year

 

$

19,257

 

Due in one year through five years

 

 

 

Total

 

$

19,257

 

 

Fair value of derivative instruments and hedging activities

The Company transacts business in foreign currencies and has international sales and expenses denominated in foreign currencies, subjecting the Company to foreign currency risk. The Company has entered into foreign currency forward contracts, generally with maturities of twelve months or less, to reduce the volatility of cash flows primarily related to forecasted revenue denominated in certain foreign currencies. These contracts allow the Company to sell Euros in exchange for U.S. dollars at specified contract rates. Forward contracts are used to hedge forecasted sales over specific months. Changes in the fair value of these forward contracts designed as cash flow hedges are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income within stockholders’ equity and are recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income during the period which approximates the time the corresponding sales occur. The Company may also enter into foreign exchange contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments for financial accounting purposes. These contracts are generally entered into to offset the gains and losses on certain asset and liability balances until the expected time of repayment. Accordingly, any gains or losses resulting from changes in the fair value of the non-designated contracts are reported in other expense, net in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The gains and losses on these contracts generally offset the gains and losses associated with the underlying foreign currency-denominated balances, which are also reported in other income (expense), net.

The Company records the assets or liabilities associated with derivative instruments and hedging activities at fair value based on Level 2 inputs in other current assets or other current liabilities, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheet. The Company had a related payable of $863 and $514 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

The Company documents the hedging relationship and its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge, the hedging instrument, the hedged transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged, how the hedging instrument’s effectiveness in offsetting the hedged risk will be assessed prospectively and retrospectively, and a description of the method used to measure ineffectiveness. The Company assesses hedge effectiveness and ineffectiveness at a minimum quarterly but may assess it monthly. For derivative instruments that are designed and qualify as part of a cash flow hedging relationship, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported in other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified into earnings in the same periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in current period earnings.

The Company will discontinue hedge accounting prospectively when it determines that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting cash flows attributable to the hedge risk. The cash flow hedge is de-designated because a forecasted transaction is not probable of occurring, or management determines to remove the designation of the cash flow hedge.  In all situations in which hedge accounting is discontinued and the derivative remains outstanding, the Company continues to carry the derivative at its fair value on the balance sheet and recognizes any subsequent changes in the fair value in earnings. When it is probable that a forecasted transaction will not occur, the Company will discontinue hedge accounting and recognize immediately in earnings gains and losses that were accumulated in other comprehensive income related to the hedging relationship.

Fair value of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:

 

 

As of December 31, 2020

 

 

Foreign

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

currency

 

 

gains (losses)

 

 

gains (losses)

 

 

other

 

 

translation

 

 

on marketable

 

 

on cash

 

 

comprehensive

 

(amounts in thousands)

adjustments

 

 

securities

 

 

flow hedges

 

 

income (loss)

 

Balance as of December 31, 2019

$

271

 

 

$

6

 

 

$

(364

)

 

$

(87

)

Other comprehensive income (loss)

 

857

 

 

 

(6

)

 

 

(289

)

 

 

562

 

Balance as of December 31, 2020

$

1,128

 

 

$

 

 

$

(653

)

 

$

475

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2019

 

 

Foreign

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

currency

 

 

gains on

 

 

gains (losses)

 

 

other

 

 

translation

 

 

marketable

 

 

on cash

 

 

comprehensive

 

(amounts in thousands)

adjustments

 

 

securities

 

 

flow hedges

 

 

income (loss)

 

Balance as of December 31, 2018

$

394

 

 

$

 

 

$

330

 

 

$

724

 

Other comprehensive income (loss)

 

(123

)

 

 

6

 

 

 

(694

)

 

 

(811

)

Balance as of December 31, 2019

$

271

 

 

$

6

 

 

$

(364

)

 

$

(87

)

 

Comprehensive income (loss) is the total net earnings and all other non-owner changes in equity. Except for net income and unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges, the Company does not have any transactions or other economic events that qualify as comprehensive income (loss).

Fair value of earnout liability

The earnout liability will be adjusted to fair value at each reporting date until settled. At the end of each reporting period after the acquisition date, the arrangement is remeasured at its fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Changes in fair value will be recognized in general and administrative expense.

The Company has obligations to pay up to $31,400 in earnout payments in cash if certain future financial results are met. The earnout liability was valued using Level 3 inputs. The fair value of the earnout was determined by employing a Monte Carlo simulation in a risk-neutral framework. The underlying simulated variable includes recognized revenue. The recognized revenue volatility estimate was based on a study of historical asset volatility for a set of comparable public companies. The model includes other assumptions including the market price of risk, which was calculated as the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) less the long-term risk free rate. The earnout period for recognized revenue is each calendar year beginning with calendar year 2019 and ending on the calendar year in which the earnout consideration equals the earnout cap.

The following table provides quantitative information about Level 3 inputs for fair value measurement of the earnout liability as of the acquisition date, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2020. Significant increases or decreases in these inputs in isolation could result in a significant impact on our fair value measurement:

 

 

 

At acquisition

 

 

As of

 

 

As of

 

Simulation input

 

August 9, 2019

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

 

December 31, 2020

 

Revenue volatility

 

 

35.00

%

 

 

35.00

%

 

 

35.00

%

WACC

 

 

12.50

%

 

 

13.00

%

 

 

12.00

%

20-year risk free rate

 

 

2.03

%

 

 

2.25

%

 

 

1.45

%

Market price of risk

 

 

9.00

%

 

 

10.00

%

 

 

8.00

%

 

The reconciliation of the earnout liability measured and carried at fair value on a recurring basis is as follows:

 

(amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2018

 

$

 

Addition for acquisition

 

 

25,749

 

Change in fair value

 

 

810

 

Balance as of December 31, 2019

 

$

26,559

 

Change in fair value

 

 

1,053

 

Balance as of December 31, 2020

 

$

27,612

 

The Company recorded $672 and $0 of preacquisition loss recoveries that can be withheld from any earnout amounts payable as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities

The Company considers all short-term highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.  The Company’s marketable debt securities are classified and accounted for as available-for-sale. Cash equivalents are recorded at cost plus accrued interest, which is considered adjusted cost, and approximates fair value. Marketable debt securities are included in cash equivalents and marketable securities based on the maturity date of the security. Short-term investments are included in marketable securities in the current period presentation.

The Company considers investments with maturities greater than three months, but less than one year, to be marketable securities. Investments are reported at fair value with realized and unrealized gains or losses reported in other income (expense), net.

The Company reviews its investments to identify and evaluate investments that have an indication of possible impairment. Factors considered in determining whether a loss is temporary include the length of time and extent to which fair value has been less than the cost basis, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the investee, and the Company's intent and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value. Credit losses and other-than-temporary impairments are declines in fair value that are not expected to recover and are charged to other income (expense), net.  

 

Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities consist of the following:

 

(amounts in thousands)

 

December 31,

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Cash

 

$

52,812

 

 

$

51,560

 

Money market accounts

 

 

159,150

 

 

 

146,477

 

Total cash and cash equivalents

 

$

211,962

 

 

$

198,037

 

Marketable securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

11,548

 

 

 

2,013

 

U. S. Treasury securities

 

 

4,107

 

 

 

9,044

 

Agency mortgage-backed securities

 

 

3,602

 

 

 

 

Total marketable securities

 

$

19,257

 

 

$

11,057

 

 

Accounts receivable and allowance for bad debts, returns, and adjustments

Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal sales and rental terms. The Company performs credit evaluations of the customers’ financial condition and generally does not require collateral. The allowance for doubtful accounts is maintained at a level that, in management’s opinion, is adequate to absorb potential losses related to accounts receivable and is based upon the Company’s continuous evaluation of the collectability of outstanding balances. Management’s evaluation takes into consideration such factors as past bad debt experience, economic conditions and information about specific receivables. The Company’s evaluation also considers the age and composition of the outstanding amounts in determining their net realizable value.

The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on estimates, and ultimate losses may vary from current estimates. As adjustments to these estimates become necessary, they are reported in general and administrative expense for sales revenue and as a reduction of rental revenue in the periods in which they become known. The allowance is increased by bad debt provisions, net of recoveries, and is reduced by direct write-offs.

The Company generally does not allow returns from providers for reasons not covered under its standard warranty. Therefore, provision for returns applies primarily to direct-to-consumer sales. This reserve is calculated primarily based on actual historical return rates under the Company’s 30-day return program and is applied to the related sales revenue for the last month of the quarter reported.

The Company also records an allowance for rental revenue adjustments which is recorded as a reduction of rental revenue and net rental accounts receivable balances. These adjustments result from contractual adjustments, audit adjustments, untimely claims filings, or billings not paid due to another provider performing same or similar functions for the patient in the same period, all of which prevent billed revenue from becoming realizable. The reserve is based on historical revenue adjustments as a percentage of rental revenue billed and unbilled during the related period.

When recording the allowance for doubtful accounts for sales revenue, the bad debt expense account (general and administrative expense account) is charged; when recording allowance for sales returns, the sales returns account (contra sales revenue account) is charged; and when recording the allowances for rental reserve adjustments and doubtful accounts, the rental revenue adjustments account (contra rental revenue account) is charged. Prior to the adoption of ASC 842, the Company separately recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts by charging bad debt expense, which is now recorded as part of rental revenue adjustments during the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, included in accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheets were earned but unbilled receivables of $459 and $590, respectively. These balances reflect gross unbilled receivables prior to any allowances for adjustments and write-offs. The Company consistently applies its allowance estimation methodology from period-to-period. The Company’s best estimate is made on an accrual basis and adjusted in future periods as required. Any adjustments to the prior period estimates are included in the current period. As additional information becomes known, the Company adjusts its assumptions accordingly to change its estimate of the allowance. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had increases of $575 and $611, respectively, in the provision for bad debt and revenue adjustments related to prior years.

Gross accounts receivable balance concentrations by major category as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:

 

 

 

As of

 

 

As of

 

(amounts in thousands)

 

December 31, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Gross accounts receivable

 

$

 

 

%

 

 

$

 

 

%

 

Rental (1)

 

$

4,190

 

 

 

13.6

%

 

$

3,003

 

 

 

8.3

%

Business-to-business and other receivables (2)

 

 

26,717

 

 

 

86.4

%

 

 

33,101

 

 

 

91.7

%

Total gross accounts receivable

 

$

30,907

 

 

 

100.0

%

 

$

36,104

 

 

 

100.0

%

 

Net accounts receivable (gross accounts receivable, net of allowances) balance concentrations by major category as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:

 

 

 

As of

 

 

As of

 

(amounts in thousands)

 

December 31, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Net accounts receivable

 

$

 

 

%

 

 

$

 

 

%

 

Rental (1)

 

$

3,794

 

 

 

12.8

%

 

$

2,464

 

 

 

7.2

%

Business-to-business and other receivables (2)

 

 

25,923

 

 

 

87.2

%

 

 

31,861

 

 

 

92.8

%

Total net accounts receivable

 

$

29,717

 

 

 

100.0

%

 

$

34,325

 

 

 

100.0

%

 

(1)

Rental includes Medicare, Medicaid/other government, private insurance and patient pay.

 

(2)

Business-to business receivables included one customer with a gross accounts receivable balance of $7,044 and $10,695 as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. This customer received extended payment terms through a direct financing plan offered. The Company also has a credit insurance policy in place, which allocated up to $10,000 in coverage as of December 31, 2020 and allocated up to $20,000 in coverage as of December 31, 2019 for this customer with a $400 deductible and 10% retention.

 

The following table sets forth the percentage breakdown of the Company’s net accounts receivable (gross accounts receivable net of allowances) by aging category by invoice due date as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

 

 

 

As of

 

 

As of

 

(amounts in thousands)

 

December 31, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Net accounts receivable by aging category

 

$

 

 

%

 

 

$

 

 

%

 

Held and Unbilled

 

$

298

 

 

 

1.0

%

 

$

294

 

 

 

0.8

%

Aged 0-90 days

 

 

28,604

 

 

 

96.2

%

 

 

33,427

 

 

 

97.4

%

Aged 91-180 days

 

 

560

 

 

 

1.9

%

 

 

343

 

 

 

1.0

%

Aged 181-365 days

 

 

230

 

 

 

0.8

%

 

 

261

 

 

 

0.8

%

Aged over 365 days

 

 

25

 

 

 

0.1

%

 

 

 

 

 

0.0

%

Total net accounts receivable

 

$

29,717

 

 

 

100.0

%

 

$

34,325

 

 

 

100.0

%

 

The following table sets forth the accounts receivable allowances as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

 

 

 

As of

 

 

As of

 

(amounts in thousands)

 

December 31, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Allowances - accounts receivable

 

$

 

 

%

 

 

$

 

 

%

 

Doubtful accounts

 

$

52

 

 

 

0.2

%

 

$

205

 

 

 

0.6

%

Rental revenue adjustments

 

 

396

 

 

 

1.3

%

 

 

411

 

 

 

1.1

%

Sales returns

 

 

742

 

 

 

2.4

%

 

 

1,163

 

 

 

3.2

%

Total allowances - accounts receivable

 

$

1,190

 

 

 

3.9

%

 

$

1,779

 

 

 

4.9

%

 

Concentration of credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable. At times, cash account balances may be in excess of the amounts insured by the Federal

Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). However, management believes the risk of loss to be minimal. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these institutions and has not experienced any losses on its cash and cash equivalents to date. The Company has also entered into hedging relationships with a single counterparty to offset the forecasted Euro-based revenues. The credit risk has been reduced due to a net settlement arrangement whereby the Company is allowed to net settle transactions with a single net amount payable by one party to the other.

Concentration of customers and vendors

The Company primarily sells its products to traditional home medical equipment providers, distributors, and resellers in the United States and in foreign countries on a credit basis. The Company also sells its products direct-to-consumers on a primarily prepayment basis. One single customer represented more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020. No single customer represented more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2019. One single customer represented more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2018. Two customers each represented more than 10% of the Company’s net accounts receivable balance with accounts receivable balances of $8,417 and $7,044, respectively, as of December 31, 2020, and $10,695 and $5,228, respectively, as of December 31, 2019.

The Company currently purchases raw materials from a limited number of vendors, which resulted in a concentration of three major vendors. The three major vendors supply the Company with raw materials used to manufacture the Company’s products. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company’s three major vendors accounted for 20.7%, 11.7% and 9.3%, respectively, of total raw material purchases. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company’s three major vendors accounted for 23.2%, 13.9% and 9.4%, respectively, of total raw material purchases.  

A portion of revenue is earned from sales outside the United States. Approximately 73.6% and 70.2% of the non-U.S. revenue for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, were invoiced in Euros. A breakdown of the Company’s revenue from U.S. and non-U.S. sources for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, is as follows:

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

(amounts in thousands)

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2018

 

U.S. revenue

$

246,340

 

 

$

283,983

 

 

$

280,778

 

Non-U.S. revenue

 

62,147

 

 

 

77,960

 

 

 

77,333

 

Total revenue

$

308,487

 

 

$

361,943

 

 

$

358,111

 

 

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined using a standard cost method, including material, labor and manufacturing overhead, whereby the standard costs are updated at least quarterly to reflect approximate actual costs using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. The Company records adjustments at least quarterly to inventory for potentially excess, obsolete, slow-moving or impaired items. The Company recorded noncurrent inventory related to inventories that are expected to be realized or consumed after one year of $1,153 and $1,076 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Noncurrent inventories are primarily related to raw materials purchased in bulk to support long-term expected repairs to reduce costs and are classified in other assets. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, $1,970, $1,043 and $1,187, respectively, of inventory was transferred to rental equipment and was considered a noncash transaction in the production and purchase of rental equipment on the consolidated statements of cash flows. Inventories that are considered current consist of the following:

 

 

December 31,

 

(amounts in thousands)

2020

 

 

2019

 

Raw materials and work-in-progress

$

22,318

 

 

$

31,676

 

Finished goods

 

3,743

 

 

 

5,174

 

Less: reserves

 

(1,246

)

 

 

(1,186

)

Inventories, net

$

24,815

 

 

$

35,664

 

 

 

Property and equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful lives as follows:

 

Rental equipment

1.5-5 years

Manufacturing equipment and tooling

3-5 years

Computer equipment and software

2-3 years

Furniture and equipment

3-5 years

Leasehold improvements

Lesser of estimated useful life or remaining lease term

Expenditures for additions, improvements and replacements are capitalized and depreciated to a salvage value of $0. Repair and maintenance costs on rental equipment are included in cost of rental revenue on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Repair and maintenance expense, which includes labor, parts and freight, for rental equipment was $2,527, $2,854 and $2,289 for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Included within property and equipment is construction in process, primarily related to the design and engineering of tooling, jigs and other machinery. In addition, this item also includes computer software or development costs that have been purchased but have not completed the final configuration process for implementation into the Company’s systems. These items have not been placed in service; therefore, no depreciation or amortization was recognized for these items in the respective periods.

Depreciation and amortization expense related to rental equipment and other property and equipment are summarized below for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

(amounts in thousands)

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2018

 

Rental equipment

$

5,695

 

 

$

6,253

 

 

$

7,567

 

Other property and equipment

 

3,882

 

 

 

3,421

 

 

 

2,463

 

Total depreciation and amortization

$

9,577

 

 

$

9,674

 

 

$

10,030

 

 

Property and equipment and rental equipment with associated accumulated depreciation is summarized below as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

 

(amounts in thousands)

 

December 31,

 

Property and equipment

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Rental equipment, net of allowances of $575 and $395, respectively

 

$

46,953

 

 

$

39,308

 

Other property and equipment

 

 

27,071

 

 

 

24,986

 

Property and equipment

 

 

74,024

 

 

 

64,294

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated depreciation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rental equipment

 

 

30,283

 

 

 

30,984

 

Other property and equipment

 

 

15,511

 

 

 

13,872

 

Accumulated depreciation

 

 

45,794

 

 

 

44,856

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rental equipment, net of allowances of $575 and $395, respectively

 

 

16,670

 

 

 

8,324

 

Other property and equipment

 

 

11,560

 

 

 

11,114

 

Property and equipment, net

 

$

28,230

 

 

$

19,438

 

 

Long-lived assets

The Company accounts for the impairment and disposition of long-lived assets in accordance with ASC 360 — Property, Plant, and Equipment. In accordance with ASC 360, long-lived assets to be held are reviewed for events or changes in circumstances that indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. No impairments were recorded as of December 31, 2020 or 2019.

Goodwill and intangible assets

Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis as of October 1. Interim testing of goodwill for impairment is also required whenever an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit or asset below its carrying amount. The Company periodically reviews the carrying value of long-lived assets to determine whether or not impairment to such value has occurred. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied estimated fair value, an impairment charge to current operations is recorded to reduce the carrying value to the implied estimated fair value.  There were no accumulated impairment losses as of December 31, 2020 or 2019.

The Company will first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than its carrying amount. If, based on a review of qualitative factors, it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than its carrying amount, the Company will use a quantitative approach, and calculate the fair value and compare it to its carrying amount. If the fair value exceeds the carrying amount, there is no indication of impairment. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, an impairment loss is recorded equal to the difference.

The Company performed an assessment of qualitative factors and determined that no events or circumstances existed that would lead to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of indefinite-lived assets were less than the carrying amount. As such, a quantitative analysis was not required to be performed as of December 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their useful lives and are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Technology and customer relationships are amortized using the straight-line method.

Business combinations

The results of operations of the businesses acquired by the Company are included as of the acquisition date. The purchase price of an acquisition is allocated to the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. To the extent the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, such excess is allocated to goodwill. The Company may adjust the preliminary purchase price allocation, as necessary, for up to one year after the acquisition closing date if it obtains more information regarding asset valuations and liabilities assumed. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (ROU) assets, operating lease liability – current, and operating lease liability – noncurrent on the consolidated balance sheets.

ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments as the rate implicit in each lease is generally not readily determinable. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made to the lessor at or before the commencement date and excludes lease incentives. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.  

The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components. The Company elected the practical expedient to treat the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. Additionally, the Company elected the practical expedient to not record leases with an initial term of twelve months or less on the consolidated balance sheets.

Loss contingencies

The Company is involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations, and proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business.  The Company records a liability when it believes that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated.  Significant judgment is required to determine both probability and the estimated amount. The Company reviews at least quarterly and adjusts accordingly to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and updated information.

Research and development

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Advertising costs

Advertising costs, which approximated $34,180, $40,251 and $30,755 during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, are expensed as incurred, excluding the production costs of direct response advertising. Advertising costs are included in sales and marketing expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740 — Income Taxes. Under ASC 740, income taxes are recognized for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current period and deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized for the future tax consequences of transactions that have been recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

The Company accounts for uncertainties in income taxes in accordance with ASC 740-10 — Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. ASC 740-10 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. This accounting standard also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties on taxes, if any, within its income tax provision (benefit) on its consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

Accounting for stock-based compensation

The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718 — Compensation—Stock Compensation, which establishes accounting for share-based awards, exchanged for employee services and requires companies to expense the estimated fair value of these awards over the requisite employee service period. Stock–based compensation cost for stock options and employee stock purchase plan are determined at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Stock-based compensation cost for stock incentive awards is based on the number of shares ultimately expected to vest, estimated at each reporting date based on management’s expectations regarding the relevant performance criteria. The value of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the employee’s requisite service period.

As part of the provisions of ASC 718, the Company is required to estimate potential forfeitures of stock grants and adjust compensation cost recorded accordingly. The estimate of forfeitures will be adjusted over the requisite service period to the extent that actual forfeitures differ, or are expected to differ, from such estimates. Changes in estimated forfeitures will be recognized through a cumulative catch-up adjustment in the period of change and will also impact the amount of stock compensation expense to be recognized in future periods.

Foreign currency

The functional currency of the Company’s international subsidiary is the local currency.  The financial statements of the subsidiary are translated to U.S. dollars using month-end exchange rates for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates for revenue, cost of revenue, operating expense and provision for income taxes. Translation gains and losses are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a component of stockholders’ equity. Foreign exchange transaction gains and losses resulting from the conversion of the transaction currency to functional currency are reflected as a component of foreign currency exchange gains or losses in other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Government grants

The Company may receive cash payments from government grants during a public health emergency (PHE). The Company considers the nature and substance of the government grant and records the cash payment in accordance with the terms and conditions of the grant. Income is deferred until all considerations required for receiving the grant are met and is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) based on the nature of the terms and conditions of the grant. In 2020, the Company

received a grant of $6,200 from the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund (Relief Fund), which was among the provisions of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES) Act signed into law on March 27, 2020. During 2020, the Company recorded $5,300 in other income, which was associated with lost revenues from the COVID-19 PHE, and a $900 benefit in general and administrative expense due to COVID-19 PHE related costs incurred in the period.

Earnings per share

Earnings (loss) per share (EPS) is computed in accordance with ASC 260 — Earnings per Share and is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted EPS assumes the conversion, exercise or issuance of all potential common stock equivalents (which can include dilution of outstanding stock options, restricted stock units and restricted stock awards) unless the effect is to reduce a loss or increase the income per share. For purposes of this calculation, common stock subject to repurchase by the Company, options, and other dilutive awards are considered to be common stock equivalents and are only included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share when their effect is dilutive.

Basic earnings (loss) per share is calculated using the Company’s weighted-average outstanding common shares. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is calculated using the Company’s weighted-average outstanding common shares including the dilutive effect of stock awards as determined under the treasury stock method.

The computation of EPS is as follows:

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

(amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2018

 

Numerator—basic and diluted:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

$

(5,829

)

 

$

20,950

 

 

$

51,845

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average common shares - basic common stock (1)

 

21,980,326

 

 

 

21,821,104

 

 

 

21,266,696

 

Weighted-average common shares - diluted common stock

 

21,980,326

 

 

 

22,241,064

 

 

 

22,514,513

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per share - basic common stock

$

(0.27

)

 

$

0.96

 

 

$

2.44

 

Net income (loss) per share - diluted common stock (2)

$

(0.27

)

 

$

0.94

 

 

$

2.30

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator calculation from basic to diluted:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average common shares - basic common stock (1)

 

21,980,326

 

 

 

21,821,104

 

 

 

21,266,696

 

Stock options and other dilutive awards

 

64,471

 

 

 

419,960

 

 

 

1,247,817

 

Weighted-average common shares - diluted common stock

 

22,044,797

 

 

 

22,241,064

 

 

 

22,514,513

 

Shares excluded from diluted weighted-average shares:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock options

 

467,378

 

 

 

53,888

 

 

 

 

Restricted stock units and restricted stock awards

 

292,795

 

 

 

169,305

 

 

 

39,330

 

Shares excluded from diluted weighted-average shares

 

760,173

 

 

 

223,193

 

 

 

39,330

 

 

(1)

Unvested restricted stock units and restricted stock awards are not included as shares outstanding in the calculation of basic earnings per share. Vested restricted stock units and restricted stock awards are included in basic earnings per share if all vesting and performance criteria have been met. Performance-based restricted stock units and restricted stock awards are included in the number of shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share as long as all applicable performance criteria are met, and their effect is dilutive. Restricted stock awards are eligible to receive all dividends declared on the Company’s common shares during the vesting period; however, such dividends are not paid until the restrictions lapse.

(2)

Due to a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2020, diluted loss per share is the same as basic.

The computations of diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders excluded common stock options, restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards, which were anti-dilutive for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Business segments

The Company operates and reports in only one operating and reportable segment – development, manufacturing, marketing, sales, and rental of respiratory products. Management reports financial information on a consolidated basis to the Company’s chief operating decision maker.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted

In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The new guidance simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The new guidance also improves consistent application of and simplifies U.S. GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending the existing guidance. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of the new guidance.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Accounting for Credit Losses (Topic 326). The new standard requires the use of an “expected loss” model on certain types of financial instruments. The standard also amends the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and requires estimated credit losses to be recorded as allowances instead of reductions to amortized cost of the securities. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2020, and adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statement presentation or results.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. The new guidance eliminates step two of the goodwill impairment test. Under the new guidance, an entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2020, and adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statement presentation or results.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The new guidance modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2020, and adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statement presentation or results.